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Culturally adapted diabetes self-management education and support in the North America and Caribbean region
Promotor / Advisor
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Location research
Bangkok, Thailand
Date
2025-04-10
License
CC0 1.0 Universal
Publisher
Language
en
ISSN
ISBN
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Abstract
Background
It is no surprise that the prevalence of diabetes type 2 has increased in the past years on the global scale. The Caribbean region is no exception. Unfortunately, a significant number of individuals living with diabetes struggle to manage their condition. Structured education programs and support (interventions) like ‘PRISMA Aruba’ and ‘Kijksluiter’ have supported individuals with diabetes type 2 with self-management and action planning.
Aim
Both programs aimed at researching the challenges these individuals experience and contributing to their confidence for self-management and medical adherence. The PRISMA Aruba effectivity study (quantitative) aimed at studying the effectivity of an education program while the ‘Kijksluiter’ intervention aimed at researching the impact of an animated medication information followed by proactive telephone counseling from their community pharmacist on adherence to diabetes medical treatment of individuals with diabetes type 2 (quantitative and qualitative). The focus of ‘Kijksluiter’ was geared towards individuals prescribed with oral medicine.
Results
Improvements were shown in both self-management and biomedical data after completing the ‘PRISMA’ program. Results also showed that self-confidence had an impact on the self-management of the participants. In the PRISMA study, factors such as the support of family, friends and the social environment were not directly tested yet; these were emerging factors in the experience of the participants that were informally shared. Results in the ‘Kijksluiter’ support program showed several outcomes. One of the success factors of the implementation of the study was the perceived need to provide the participants with information and counseling while one of the barriers included limited available resources such as staffing shortages. On the other hand, many participants acknowledged that they needed a lifestyle change in addition to the medical treatment. Some of the barriers to medication adherence included none accepting attitude towards their condition and absence of a structured daily routine.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the ‘PRISMA’ education group helped individuals with type 2 diabetes gain self-confidence in their self-management journey. In the case of the ‘Kijksluiter’ support program, one of the outcomes was medical adherence. The results of the ‘Kijksluiter’ indirectly indicated that an important factor is the connection and personal contact with the individual which was present as a combination between the animated video and the telephone calls. The emotional and cultural aspect remains a prominent factor in which barriers must be overcome in order to effectively help the individual. While these concerns remain prominent for individuals with diabetes type 2, this is also perceived among individuals with type 1 diabetes on the island of Aruba. This concern makes interventions that include the social environment and the impact of counseling a potential remediation for feelings of among others, self-shame and lack of confidence among individuals with type 1 diabetes.
References
Arias, N. (2022). Feasibility of PRISMA (Dutch Desmond) as a contextualized education program for the enhancement of self-management of diabetes in Aruba. [Unpublished manuscript].
Hooi, N., Tromp, A., Heijningen v. S.C., Valois-Smith, S., Grêaux, K. M. & Hugtenburg, J.G. (2024), Type 2 Diabetes Patients' Needs and Preferences regarding Medication Information in Aruba and Curacao. Type 2 Diabetes Patients' Medication Information Needs and Preferences in Aruba and Curacao. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Botica di Servicio, University of Curaçao, University of Aruba, Sint Maartenskliniek, Radboudumc, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Nivel, University of Groningen. [Unpublished manuscript].
Citation
Arias, N. D. (2025, April 10th). Culturally adapted diabetes self-management education and support in the North America and Caribbean region. [Conference presentation]. International Diabetes Federation Congress, Bangkok, Thailand.
Sponsorship
Journal / Book / Conference
International Diabetes Federation Congress 2025