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Currents of Connection: Investigating the Influence of Reproductive Modes and Ocean Currents on Coral Genetic Connectivity in the Dutch Caribbean

Scherpereel, Colin
; 
Hellemans, Bart
; 
Hanert, Emmanuel
; 
Volckaert, Filip
; LĆ³pez MĆ”rquez, Violeta; Mijts, EricOrcid icon
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Location research
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2024-12-11
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The dispersal patterns of marine organisms are essential in shaping population dynamics. This study investigates, the interaction between ocean currents and two reproductive strategies of scleractinian corals, and their combined influence on genetic connectivity among the islands of Aruba, Bonaire, and CuraƧao. Coral reproductive modes, specifically brooding versus broadcast spawning, play a critical role in the genetic structuring of populations. We propose that locally brooding corals exhibit stronger genetic structuring than species with broadcast spawning, where larvae experience extended periods in the water column. Using 3D hydrodynamic simulations of Caribbean Current circulation coupled with an individual-based model of biological traits for brooding corals and broadcast spawners, we assess abiotic connectivity patterns. Results indicate that dispersal potential is notably higher for broadcast spawners. Genotyping across two species using microsatellite markers reveals high genetic differentiation in brooding corals and comparatively lower levels among broadcast spawners. Additionally, sporadic dispersal events in brooding corals add to genetic diversity and suggest source-sink dynamics. This analysis of population connectivity and genetic structure in reef-building corals provides critical insights into reef ecosystem resilience, establishing a foundation for informed conservation strategies. Our research supports the long-term sustainability of these essential coral species in a changing marine landscape.
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LĆ³pez MĆ”rquez, V., Scherpereel, C., Hellemans, B., Mijts, E., Hanert, E., Volckaert, F. (11 december 2024). Currents of Connection: Investigating the Influence of Reproductive Modes and Ocean Currents on Coral Genetic Connectivity in the Dutch Caribbean. Sustainable Island Futures VII.
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Sustainable Island Futures VII
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14473/1326
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